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= perlfaq = http://faq.perl.org/ <toc> == # perlfaq1: General Questions About Perl == Very general, high-level questions about Perl. * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq1.html#What_is_Perl_ What is Perl?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq1.html#Who_supports_Perl_Wh Who supports Perl? Who develops it? Why is it free?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq1.html#Which_version_of_Per Which version of Perl should I use?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq1.html#What_are_Perl_4_Perl What are Perl 4, Perl 5, or Perl 6?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq1.html#What_was_Ponie_ What was Ponie?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq1.html#What_is_Perl_6_ What is Perl 6?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq1.html#How_stable_is_Perl_ How stable is Perl?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq1.html#Is_Perl_difficult_to Is Perl difficult to learn?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq1.html#How_does_Perl_compar How does Perl compare with other languages like Java, Python, REXX, Scheme, or Tcl?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq1.html#Can_I_do_task_in_Per Can I do [task] in Perl?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq1.html#When_shouldn_t_I_pro When shouldn't I program in Perl?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq1.html#What_s_the_differenc What's the difference between "perl" and "Perl"?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq1.html#Is_it_a_Perl_program Is it a Perl program or a Perl script?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq1.html#What_is_a_JAPH_ What is a JAPH?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq1.html#Where_can_I_get_a_li Where can I get a list of Larry Wall witticisms?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq1.html#How_can_I_convince_o How can I convince others to use Perl?] == # perlfaq2: Obtaining and Learning about Perl == Where to find source and documentation for Perl, support, and related matters. * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq2.html#What_machines_suppor What machines support perl? Where do I get it?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq2.html#How_can_I_get_a_bina How can I get a binary version of perl?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq2.html#I_don_t_have_a_C_com I don't have a C compiler. How can I build my own Perl interpreter?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq2.html#I_copied_the_perl_bi I copied the perl binary from one machine to another, but scripts don't work.] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq2.html#I_grabbed_the_source I grabbed the sources and tried to compile but gdbm/dynamic loading/malloc/linking/... failed. How do I make it work?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq2.html#What_modules_and_ext What modules and extensions are available for Perl? What is CPAN? What does CPAN/src/... mean?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq2.html#Is_there_an_ISO_or_A Is there an ISO or ANSI certified version of Perl?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq2.html#Where_can_I_get_info Where can I get information on Perl?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq2.html#What_are_the_Perl_ne What are the Perl newsgroups on Usenet? Where do I post questions?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq2.html#Where_should_I_post_ Where should I post source code?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq2.html#Perl_Books Perl Books] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq2.html#Which_magazines_have Which magazines have Perl content?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq2.html#What_mailing_lists_a What mailing lists are there for Perl?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq2.html#Where_are_the_archiv Where are the archives for comp.lang.perl.misc?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq2.html#Where_can_I_buy_a_co Where can I buy a commercial version of perl?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq2.html#Where_do_I_send_bug_ Where do I send bug reports?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq2.html#What_is_perl_com_Per What is perl.com? Perl Mongers? pm.org? perl.org? cpan.org?] == # perlfaq3: Programming Tools == Programmer tools and programming support. \\ 프로그래밍 툴과 지원 * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq3.html#How_do_I_do_anything How do I do (anything)?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq3.html#How_can_I_use_Perl_i How can I use Perl interactively?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq3.html#Is_there_a_Perl_shel Is there a Perl shell?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq3.html#How_do_I_find_which_ How do I find which modules are installed on my system?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq3.html#How_do_I_debug_my_Pe How do I debug my Perl programs?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq3.html#How_do_I_profile_my_ How do I profile my Perl programs?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq3.html#How_do_I_cross_refer How do I cross-reference my Perl programs?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq3.html#Is_there_a_pretty_pr Is there a pretty-printer (formatter) for Perl?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq3.html#Is_there_a_ctags_for Is there a ctags for Perl?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq3.html#Is_there_an_IDE_or_W Is there an IDE or Windows Perl Editor?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq3.html#Where_can_I_get_Perl Where can I get Perl macros for vi?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq3.html#Where_can_I_get_perl Where can I get perl-mode for emacs?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq3.html#How_can_I_use_curses How can I use curses with Perl?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq3.html#How_can_I_write_a_GU How can I write a GUI (X, Tk, Gtk, etc.) in Perl?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq3.html#How_can_I_make_my_Pe How can I make my Perl program run faster?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq3.html#How_can_I_make_my_Pe1 How can I make my Perl program take less memory?] - 메모리 사용량을 줄이는 방법 [[/Perlfaq3-16|번역]] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq3.html#Is_it_safe_to_return Is it safe to return a reference to local or lexical data?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq3.html#How_can_I_free_an_ar How can I free an array or hash so my program shrinks?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq3.html#How_can_I_make_my_CG How can I make my CGI script more efficient?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq3.html#How_can_I_hide_the_s How can I hide the source for my Perl program?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq3.html#How_can_I_compile_my How can I compile my Perl program into byte code or C?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq3.html#How_can_I_get_perl_t How can I get #!perl to work on (MS-DOS,NT,...)?] - 윈도우에서 간편하게 실행시키기 [[/Perlfaq3-22|번역]] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq3.html#Can_I_write_useful_P Can I write useful Perl programs on the command line?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq3.html#Why_don_t_Perl_one_l Why don't Perl one-liners work on my DOS/Mac/VMS system?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq3.html#Where_can_I_learn_ab Where can I learn about CGI or Web programming in Perl?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq3.html#Where_can_I_learn_ab1 Where can I learn about object-oriented Perl programming?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq3.html#Where_can_I_learn_ab2 Where can I learn about linking C with Perl?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq3.html#I_ve_read_perlembed_ I've read perlembed, perlguts, etc., but I can't embed perl in my C program; what am I doing wrong?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq3.html#When_I_tried_to_run_ When I tried to run my script, I got this message. What does it mean?] == # perlfaq4: Data Manipulation == Manipulating numbers, dates, strings, arrays, hashes, and miscellaneous data issues. * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq4.html#Data_Numbers Data: Numbers] ** [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq4.html#Why_am_I_getting_lon Why am I getting long decimals (eg, 19.9499999999999) instead of the numbers I should be getting (eg, 19.95)?] ** [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq4.html#Why_is_int_broken_ Why is int() broken?] ** [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq4.html#Why_isn_t_my_octal_d Why isn't my octal data interpreted correctly?] ** [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq4.html#Does_Perl_have_a_rou Does Perl have a round() function? What about ceil() and floor()? Trig functions?] ** [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq4.html#How_do_I_convert_bet How do I convert between numeric representations/bases/radixes?] ** [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq4.html#Why_doesn_t_work_the Why doesn't & work the way I want it to?] ** [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq4.html#How_do_I_multiply_ma How do I multiply matrices?] ** [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq4.html#How_do_I_perform_an_ How do I perform an operation on a series of integers?] - 연속된 정수에 연산을 수행할 때 - [[/Perlfaq4-08|번역]] ** [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq4.html#How_can_I_output_Rom How can I output Roman numerals?] ** [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq4.html#Why_aren_t_my_random Why aren't my random numbers random?] ** [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq4.html#How_do_I_get_a_rando How do I get a random number between X and Y?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq4.html#Data_Dates Data: Dates] ** [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq4.html#How_do_I_find_the_da How do I find the day or week of the year?] ** [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq4.html#How_do_I_find_the_cu How do I find the current century or millennium?] ** [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq4.html#How_can_I_compare_tw How can I compare two dates and find the difference?] ** [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq4.html#How_can_I_take_a_str How can I take a string and turn it into epoch seconds?] ** [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq4.html#How_can_I_find_the_J How can I find the Julian Day?] ** [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq4.html#How_do_I_find_yester How do I find yesterday's date?] ** [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq4.html#Does_Perl_have_a_Yea Does Perl have a Year 2000 problem? Is Perl Y2K compliant?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq4.html#Data_Strings Data: Strings] ** [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq4.html#How_do_I_validate_in How do I validate input?] ** [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq4.html#How_do_I_unescape_a_ How do I unescape a string?] ** [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq4.html#How_do_I_remove_cons How do I remove consecutive pairs of characters?] ** [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq4.html#How_do_I_expand_func How do I expand function calls in a string?] ** [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq4.html#How_do_I_find_matchi How do I find matching/nesting anything?] ** [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq4.html#How_do_I_reverse_a_s How do I reverse a string?] ** [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq4.html#How_do_I_expand_tabs How do I expand tabs in a string?] ** [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq4.html#How_do_I_reformat_a_ How do I reformat a paragraph?] ** [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq4.html#How_can_I_access_or_ How can I access or change N characters of a string?] ** [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq4.html#How_do_I_change_the_ How do I change the Nth occurrence of something?] ** [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq4.html#How_can_I_count_the_ How can I count the number of occurrences of a substring within a string?] ** [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq4.html#How_do_I_capitalize_ How do I capitalize all the words on one line?] ** [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq4.html#How_can_I_split_a_ch How can I split a [character] delimited string except when inside [character]?] ** [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq4.html#How_do_I_strip_blank How do I strip blank space from the beginning/end of a string?] ** [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq4.html#How_do_I_pad_a_strin How do I pad a string with blanks or pad a number with zeroes?] ** [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq4.html#How_do_I_extract_sel How do I extract selected columns from a string?] ** [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq4.html#How_do_I_find_the_so How do I find the soundex value of a string?] ** [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq4.html#How_can_I_expand_var How can I expand variables in text strings?] ** [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq4.html#What_s_wrong_with_al What's wrong with always quoting "$vars"?] ** [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq4.html#Why_don_t_my_HERE_do Why don't my <<HERE documents work?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq4.html#Data_Arrays Data: Arrays] ** [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq4.html#What_is_the_differen What is the difference between a list and an array?] 리스트와 배열의 관계 - [[/Perlfaq4-List-and-Array|번역]] ** [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq4.html#What_is_the_differen1 What is the difference between $array[1] and @array[1]?] ** [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq4.html#How_can_I_remove_dup How can I remove duplicate elements from a list or array?] - 중복된 원소 삭제 - [[/Perlfaq4-40|번역]] ** [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq4.html#How_can_I_tell_wheth How can I tell whether a certain element is contained in a list or array?] ** [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq4.html#How_do_I_compute_the How do I compute the difference of two arrays? How do I compute the intersection of two arrays?] ** [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq4.html#How_do_I_test_whethe How do I test whether two arrays or hashes are equal?] ** [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq4.html#How_do_I_find_the_fi How do I find the first array element for which a condition is true?] ** [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq4.html#How_do_I_handle_link How do I handle linked lists?] ** [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq4.html#How_do_I_handle_circ How do I handle circular lists?] ** [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq4.html#How_do_I_shuffle_an_ How do I shuffle an array randomly?] ** [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq4.html#How_do_I_process_mod How do I process/modify each element of an array?] ** [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq4.html#How_do_I_select_a_ra How do I select a random element from an array?] ** [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq4.html#How_do_I_permute4e How do I permute N elements of a list?] ** [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq4.html#How_do_I_sort_an_arr How do I sort an array by (anything)?] ** [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq4.html#How_do_I_manipulate_ How do I manipulate arrays of bits?] ** [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq4.html#Why_does_defined_ret Why does defined() return true on empty arrays and hashes?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq4.html#Data_Hashes_Associat Data: Hashes (Associative Arrays)] ** [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq4.html#How_do_I_process_an_ How do I process an entire hash?] ** [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq4.html#How_do_I_merge_two_h How do I merge two hashes?] ** [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq4.html#What_happens_if_I_ad What happens if I add or remove keys from a hash while iterating over it?] ** [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq4.html#How_do_I_look_up_a_h How do I look up a hash element by value?] ** [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq4.html#How_can_I_know_how_m How can I know how many entries are in a hash?] ** [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq4.html#How_do_I_sort_a_hash How do I sort a hash (optionally by value instead of key)?] ** [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq4.html#How_can_I_always_kee How can I always keep my hash sorted?] ** [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq4.html#What_s_the_differenc What's the difference between "delete" and "undef" with hashes?] ** [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq4.html#Why_don_t_my_tied_ha Why don't my tied hashes make the defined/exists distinction?] ** [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq4.html#How_do_I_reset_an_ea How do I reset an each() operation part-way through?] ** [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq4.html#How_can_I_get_the_un How can I get the unique keys from two hashes?] - 고유한 키 추출 - [[/Perlfaq4-65|번역]] ** [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq4.html#How_can_I_store_a_mu How can I store a multidimensional array in a DBM file?] ** [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq4.html#How_can_I_make_my_ha How can I make my hash remember the order I put elements into it?] ** [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq4.html#Why_does_passing_a_s Why does passing a subroutine an undefined element in a hash create it?] ** [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq4.html#How_can_I_make_the_P How can I make the Perl equivalent of a C structure/C++ class/hash or array of hashes or arrays?] ** [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq4.html#How_can_I_use_a_refe How can I use a reference as a hash key?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq4.html#Data_Misc Data: Misc] ** [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq4.html#How_do_I_handle_bina How do I handle binary data correctly?] ** [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq4.html#How_do_I_determine_w How do I determine whether a scalar is a number/whole/integer/float?] ** [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq4.html#How_do_I_keep_persis How do I keep persistent data across program calls?] ** [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq4.html#How_do_I_print_out_o How do I print out or copy a recursive data structure?] ** [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq4.html#How_do_I_define_meth How do I define methods for every class/object?] ** [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq4.html#How_do_I_verify_a_cr How do I verify a credit card checksum?] ** [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq4.html#How_do_I_pack_arrays How do I pack arrays of doubles or floats for XS code?] == # perlfaq5: Files and Formats == I/O and the "f" issues: filehandles, flushing, formats, and footers. * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq5.html#How_do_I_flush_unbuf How do I flush/unbuffer an output filehandle? Why must I do this?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq5.html#How_do_I_change_dele How do I change, delete, or insert a line in a file, or append to the beginning of a file?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq5.html#How_do_I_count_the_n How do I count the number of lines in a file?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq5.html#How_can_I_use_Perl_s How can I use Perl's 1 option from within a program?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq5.html#How_can_I_copy_a_fil How can I copy a file?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq5.html#How_do_I_make_a_temp How do I make a temporary file name?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq5.html#How_can_I_manipulate How can I manipulate fixed-record-length files?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq5.html#How_can_I_make_a_fil How can I make a filehandle local to a subroutine? How do I pass filehandles between subroutines? How do I make an array of filehandles?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq5.html#How_can_I_use_a_file How can I use a filehandle indirectly?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq5.html#How_can_I_set_up_a_f How can I set up a footer format to be used with write()?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq5.html#How_can_I_write_into How can I write() into a string?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq5.html#How_can_I_open_a_fil How can I open a filehandle to a string?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq5.html#How_can_I_output_my_ How can I output my numbers with commas added?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq5.html#How_can_I_translate_ How can I translate tildes (~) in a filename?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq5.html#How_come_when_I_open How come when I open a file read-write it wipes it out?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq5.html#Why_do_I_sometimes_g Why do I sometimes get an "Argument list too long" when I use <*>?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq5.html#Is_there_a_leak_bug_ Is there a leak/bug in glob()?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq5.html#How_can_I_open_a_fil1 How can I open a file with a leading ">" or trailing blanks?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq5.html#How_can_I_reliably_r How can I reliably rename a file?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq5.html#How_can_I_lock_a_fil How can I lock a file?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq5.html#Why_can_t_I_just_ope Why can't I just open(FH, ">file.lock")?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq5.html#I_still_don_t_get_lo I still don't get locking. I just want to increment the number in the file. How can I do this?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq5.html#All_I_want_to_do_is_ All I want to do is append a small amount of text to the end of a file. Do I still have to use locking?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq5.html#How_do_I_randomly_up How do I randomly update a binary file?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq5.html#How_do_I_get_a_file_ How do I get a file's timestamp in perl?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq5.html#How_do_I_set_a_file_ How do I set a file's timestamp in perl?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq5.html#How_do_I_print_to_mo How do I print to more than one file at once?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq5.html#How_can_I_read_in_an How can I read in an entire file all at once?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq5.html#How_can_I_read_in_a_ How can I read in a file by paragraphs?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq5.html#How_can_I_read_a_sin How can I read a single character from a file? From the keyboard?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq5.html#How_can_I_tell_wheth How can I tell whether there's a character waiting on a filehandle?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq5.html#How_do_I_do_a_tail_f How do I do a 2 in perl?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq5.html#How_do_I_dup_a_fileh How do I dup() a filehandle in Perl?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq5.html#How_do_I_close_a_fil How do I close a file descriptor by number?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq5.html#Why_can_t_I_use_C_te Why can't I use "C:\temp\foo" in DOS paths? Why doesn't `C:\temp\foo.exe` work?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq5.html#Why_doesn_t_glob_get Why doesn't glob("*.*") get all the files?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq5.html#Why_does_Perl_let_me Why does Perl let me delete read-only files? Why does 3 clobber protected files? Isn't this a bug in Perl?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq5.html#How_do_I_select_a_ra How do I select a random line from a file?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq5.html#Why_do_I_get_weird_s Why do I get weird spaces when I print an array of lines?] == # perlfaq6: Regular Expressions == This section is surprisingly small because the rest of the FAQ is littered with answers involving regular expressions. For example, decoding a URL and checking whether something is a number are handled with regular expressions, but those answers are found elsewhere in this document (in perlfaq9: "How do I decode or create those %-encodings on the web" and perlfaq4: "How do I determine whether a scalar is a number/whole/integer/float", to be precise). * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq6.html#How_can_I_hope_to_us How can I hope to use regular expressions without creating illegible and unmaintainable code?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq6.html#I_m_having_trouble_m I'm having trouble matching over more than one line. What's wrong?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq6.html#How_can_I_pull_out_l How can I pull out lines between two patterns that are themselves on different lines?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq6.html#How_do_I_match_XML_H How do I match XML, HTML, or other nasty, ugly things with a regex?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq6.html#I_put_a_regular_expr I put a regular expression into $/ but it didn't work. What's wrong?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq6.html#How_do_I_substitute_ How do I substitute case insensitively on the LHS while preserving case on the RHS?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq6.html#How_can_I_make_w_mat How can I make 4 match national character sets?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq6.html#How_can_I_match_a_lo How can I match a locale-smart version of 5?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq6.html#How_can_I_quote_a_va How can I quote a variable to use in a regex?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq6.html#What_is_o_really_for What is 6 really for?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq6.html#How_do_I_use_a_regul How do I use a regular expression to strip C style comments from a file?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq6.html#Can_I_use_Perl_regul Can I use Perl regular expressions to match balanced text?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq6.html#What_does_it_mean_th What does it mean that regexes are greedy? How can I get around it?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq6.html#How_do_I_process_eac How do I process each word on each line?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq6.html#How_can_I_print_out_ How can I print out a word-frequency or line-frequency summary?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq6.html#How_can_I_do_approxi How can I do approximate matching?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq6.html#How_do_I_efficiently How do I efficiently match many regular expressions at once?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq6.html#Why_don_t_word_bound Why don't word-boundary searches with 7 work for me?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq6.html#Why_does_using_or_sl Why does using $&, $`, or $' slow my program down?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq6.html#What_good_is_G_in_a_ What good is 8 in a regular expression?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq6.html#Are_Perl_regexes_DFA Are Perl regexes DFAs or NFAs? Are they POSIX compliant?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq6.html#What_s_wrong_with_us What's wrong with using grep in a void context?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq6.html#How_can_I_match_stri How can I match strings with multibyte characters?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq6.html#How_do_I_match_a_reg How do I match a regular expression that's in a variable?] == # perlfaq7: General Perl Language Issues == General Perl language issues that don't clearly fit into any of the other sections. * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq7.html#Can_I_get_a_BNF_yacc Can I get a BNF/yacc/RE for the Perl language?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq7.html#What_are_all_these_p What are all these $@%&* punctuation signs, and how do I know when to use them?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq7.html#Do_I_always_never_ha Do I always/never have to quote my strings or use semicolons and commas?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq7.html#How_do_I_skip_some_r How do I skip some return values?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq7.html#How_do_I_temporarily How do I temporarily block warnings?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq7.html#What_s_an_extension_ What's an extension?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq7.html#Why_do_Perl_operator Why do Perl operators have different precedence than C operators?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq7.html#How_do_I_declare_cre How do I declare/create a structure?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq7.html#How_do_I_create_a_mo How do I create a module?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq7.html#How_do_I_adopt_or_ta How do I adopt or take over a module already on CPAN?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq7.html#How_do_I_create_a_cl How do I create a class?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq7.html#How_can_I_tell_if_a_ How can I tell if a variable is tainted?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq7.html#What_s_a_closure_ What's a closure?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq7.html#What_is_variable_sui What is variable suicide and how can I prevent it?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq7.html#How_can_I_pass_retur How can I pass/return a {Function, FileHandle, Array, Hash, Method, Regex}?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq7.html#How_do_I_create_a_st How do I create a static variable?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq7.html#What_s_the_differenc What's the difference between dynamic and lexical (static) scoping? Between local() and my()?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq7.html#How_can_I_access_a_d How can I access a dynamic variable while a similarly named lexical is in scope?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq7.html#What_s_the_differenc1 What's the difference between deep and shallow binding?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq7.html#Why_doesn_t_my_foo_F Why doesn't "my($foo) = <FILE>;" work right?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq7.html#How_do_I_redefine_a_ How do I redefine a builtin function, operator, or method?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq7.html#What_s_the_differenc2 What's the difference between calling a function as &foo and foo()?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq7.html#How_do_I_create_a_sw How do I create a switch or case statement?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq7.html#How_can_I_catch_acce How can I catch accesses to undefined variables, functions, or methods?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq7.html#Why_can_t_a_method_i Why can't a method included in this same file be found?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq7.html#How_can_I_find_out_m How can I find out my current or calling package?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq7.html#How_can_I_comment_ou How can I comment out a large block of perl code?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq7.html#How_do_I_clear_a_pac How do I clear a package?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq7.html#How_can_I_use_a_vari How can I use a variable as a variable name?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq7.html#What_does_bad_interp What does "bad interpreter" mean?] == # perlfaq8: System Interaction == This section of the Perl FAQ covers questions involving operating system interaction. Topics include interprocess communication (IPC), control over the user-interface (keyboard, screen and pointing devices), and most anything else not related to data manipulation. Read the FAQs and documentation specific to the port of perl to your operating system (eg, perlvms, perlplan9, ...). These should contain more detailed information on the vagaries of your perl. * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq8.html#How_do_I_find_out_wh How do I find out which operating system I'm running under?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq8.html#How_come_exec_doesn_ How come exec() doesn't return?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq8.html#How_do_I_do_fancy_st How do I do fancy stuff with the keyboard/screen/mouse?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq8.html#How_do_I_print_somet How do I print something out in color?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq8.html#How_do_I_read_just_o How do I read just one key without waiting for a return key?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq8.html#How_do_I_check_wheth How do I check whether input is ready on the keyboard?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq8.html#How_do_I_clear_the_s How do I clear the screen?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq8.html#How_do_I_get_the_scr How do I get the screen size?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq8.html#How_do_I_ask_the_use How do I ask the user for a password?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq8.html#How_do_I_read_and_wr How do I read and write the serial port?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq8.html#How_do_I_decode_encr How do I decode encrypted password files?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq8.html#How_do_I_start_a_pro How do I start a process in the background?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq8.html#How_do_I_trap_contro How do I trap control characters/signals?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq8.html#How_do_I_modify_the_ How do I modify the shadow password file on a Unix system?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq8.html#How_do_I_set_the_tim How do I set the time and date?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq8.html#How_can_I_sleep_or_a How can I sleep() or alarm() for under a second?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq8.html#How_can_I_measure_ti How can I measure time under a second?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq8.html#How_can_I_do_an_atex How can I do an atexit() or setjmp()/longjmp()? (Exception handling)] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq8.html#Why_doesn_t_my_socke Why doesn't my sockets program work under System V (Solaris)? What does the error message "Protocol not supported" mean?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq8.html#How_can_I_call_my_sy How can I call my system's unique C functions from Perl?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq8.html#Where_do_I_get_the_i Where do I get the include files to do ioctl() or syscall()?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq8.html#Why_do_setuid_perl_s Why do setuid perl scripts complain about kernel problems?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq8.html#How_can_I_open_a_pip How can I open a pipe both to and from a command?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq8.html#Why_can_t_I_get_the_ Why can't I get the output of a command with system()?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq8.html#How_can_I_capture_ST How can I capture STDERR from an external command?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq8.html#Why_doesn_t_open_ret Why doesn't open() return an error when a pipe open fails?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq8.html#What_s_wrong_with_us What's wrong with using backticks in a void context?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq8.html#How_can_I_call_backt How can I call backticks without shell processing?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq8.html#Why_can_t_my_script_ Why can't my script read from STDIN after I gave it EOF (^D on Unix, ^Z on MS-DOS)?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq8.html#How_can_I_convert_my How can I convert my shell script to perl?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq8.html#Can_I_use_perl_to_ru Can I use perl to run a telnet or ftp session?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq8.html#How_can_I_write_expe How can I write expect in Perl?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq8.html#Is_there_a_way_to_hi Is there a way to hide perl's command line from programs such as "ps"?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq8.html#I_changed_directory_ I {changed directory, modified my environment} in a perl script. How come the change disappeared when I exited the script? How do I get my changes to be visible?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq8.html#How_do_I_close_a_pro How do I close a process's filehandle without waiting for it to complete?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq8.html#How_do_I_fork_a_daem How do I fork a daemon process?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq8.html#How_do_I_find_out_if How do I find out if I'm running interactively or not?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq8.html#How_do_I_timeout_a_s How do I timeout a slow event?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq8.html#How_do_I_set_CPU_lim How do I set CPU limits?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq8.html#How_do_I_avoid_zombi How do I avoid zombies on a Unix system?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq8.html#How_do_I_use_an_SQL_ How do I use an SQL database?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq8.html#How_do_I_make_a_syst How do I make a system() exit on control-C?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq8.html#How_do_I_open_a_file How do I open a file without blocking?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq8.html#How_do_I_tell_the_di How do I tell the difference between errors from the shell and perl?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq8.html#How_do_I_install_a_m How do I install a module from CPAN?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq8.html#What_s_the_differenc What's the difference between require and use?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq8.html#How_do_I_keep_my_own How do I keep my own module/library directory?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq8.html#How_do_I_add_the_dir How do I add the directory my program lives in to the module/library search path?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq8.html#How_do_I_add_a_direc How do I add a directory to my include path (@INC) at runtime?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq8.html#What_is_socket_ph_an What is socket.ph and where do I get it?] == # perlfaq9: Networking == Networking, the internet, and a few on the web. * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq9.html#What_is_the_correct_ What is the correct form of response from a CGI script?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq9.html#My_CGI_script_runs_f My CGI script runs from the command line but not the browser. (500 Server Error)] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq9.html#How_can_I_get_better How can I get better error messages from a CGI program?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq9.html#How_do_I_remove_HTML How do I remove HTML from a string?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq9.html#How_do_I_extract_URL How do I extract URLs?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq9.html#How_do_I_download_a_ How do I download a file from the user's machine? How do I open a file on another machine?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq9.html#How_do_I_make_an_HTM How do I make an HTML pop-up menu with Perl?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq9.html#How_do_I_fetch_an_HT How do I fetch an HTML file?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq9.html#How_do_I_automate_an How do I automate an HTML form submission?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq9.html#How_do_I_decode_or_c How do I decode or create those %-encodings on the web?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq9.html#How_do_I_redirect_to How do I redirect to another page?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq9.html#How_do_I_put_a_passw How do I put a password on my web pages?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq9.html#How_do_I_edit_my_htp How do I edit my .htpasswd and .htgroup files with Perl?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq9.html#How_do_I_make_sure_u How do I make sure users can't enter values into a form that cause my CGI script to do bad things?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq9.html#How_do_I_parse_a_mai How do I parse a mail header?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq9.html#How_do_I_decode_a_CG How do I decode a CGI form?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq9.html#How_do_I_check_a_val How do I check a valid mail address?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq9.html#How_do_I_decode_a_MI How do I decode a MIME/BASE64 string?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq9.html#How_do_I_return_the_ How do I return the user's mail address?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq9.html#How_do_I_send_mail_ How do I send mail?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq9.html#How_do_I_use_MIME_to How do I use MIME to make an attachment to a mail message?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq9.html#How_do_I_read_mail_ How do I read mail?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq9.html#How_do_I_find_out_my How do I find out my hostname, domainname, or IP address?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq9.html#How_do_I_fetch_a_new How do I fetch a news article or the active newsgroups?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq9.html#How_do_I_fetch_put_a How do I fetch/put an FTP file?] * [http://faq.perl.org/perlfaq9.html#How_can_I_do_RPC_in_ How can I do RPC in Perl?] ---- [[컴퓨터분류]]
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